A study on toxicity of organophosphorous pesticides on cynobacterium Westiellopsis prolifica Janet
Vijayakanth P.1*, V. Ravi V.2 and O. Sivapriya O.3
1*Department of Botany, Arignar Anna College (Arts & Science), Krishnagiri-635 115, Tamil Nadu
2Department of Botany, Govt., Arts College for Men, Krishnagiri-635001, Tamil Nadu
3Department of Microbiology, Govt., Arts College for Men, Krishnagiri-635001, Tamil Nadu
*Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Effect of two widely used organophosphate pesticide such as Triazophos and Monocrotophos on the growth, biochemical metabolites like protein, carbohydrate, photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a and accessory photosynthetic pigment phycobillin contents and stress induced non protein amino acid proline content in strain of freshwater cyanobacrteium Westiellopsis prolifica Janet was studied. The various concentrations of Triazophos and Monocrotophos were exposed to W. prolifica the inhibitory concentration (EC 50) was determined. The EC50 value of Triazophos and Monocrotophos were 125 µm and 350 µm respectively for W. prolifica. Both the organophosphate insecticides used in the study reduced the protein content of W. prolifica. It was interesting to note that organophosphate insecticides inhibit the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments too in the cyanobacteria which was reduced with 51% (Triazophos) and 48% (Monocrotophos) at respective EC50 concentration. The organophosphate pesticide changes the ratio and production of Phycobilin content in W. prolifica. The pesticide Triazophos and Monocrotophos inhibited Phycocyanin content 65% and 34%, Allophycocyanin 61 % and 43% Phycoerytherin 45% and 39% respectively. Phycocyanin and Allophycocyanin content of W. prolific was severely inhibited by pesticide Triazophos, whereas reduction was comparatively less by Monocrotophos. There was no signification variation noticed in Phycoerytherin content in both stresses imposed in W. prolifica similar response was noticed in production of carbohydrate content in Triazophos treated W. prolifica the reduction was 73%. The enhanced level Proline synthesis was noted in Triazophos treated W. prolifica it has 16 fold increase whereas as only 3 fold increase in Monocrotophos treated culture at respective EC 50 value. Thus reduction in all the biochemical parameters and increased level of proline revealed that Triazophos was more toxic to W. prolifica than Monocrotophos.
Keywords
Cyanobacteria, EC 50, Monocrotophos, photosynthetic pigment, proline, Triazophos, Westiellopsis prolifica.
REFERENCES
Abou-Waly H, Abou-Setta MM, Nigg HN and Mallory LL, 1991. Growth response of fresh water algae, Anabaena flos-aquae and Selenastrum capricornutum to atrazine and hexazinone herbicides. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 46: 223-229.
Ahmad I and Hellebust A, 1988. The relationship between inorganic nitrogen metabolism and proline accumulation in osmoregulatory response of two
euryhaline microalgae. Plant Physiology, 88: 348-354.
Bates LS, Wladren RP and Tear LD, 1973. Rapid estimation of free Proline for water-stress studies determination. Plant and Soil, 39: 205-207.
Bennett A and Bogorad L, 1973. Complementary chromatic adaptation in a filamentous blue green alga. Journal of Cell Biology, 58(2): 419-35.
Bhunia AK, Basu NK, Roy D, Chakrabarti A and Banerjee SK, 1991. Growth, Chlorophyll a content, Nitro-gen-fixing ability, and certain metabolic activities of Nostoc muscorum: effect of methylparathion and ben-thiocarb. Bulletin of Env. Contamination and Toxicology, 471: 43-50.
Chakraborty S, Tiwari B, Satya Shila Singh SS, Srivastavac AK and Mishra AK, 2017. Differential physiological, oxidative and antioxidative responses of cyanobacterium Anabaena sphaerica to attenuate malathion pesticide toxicity. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 11: 56–63
Ferrando MD, Sancho E, and Andreu-Moliner E, 1996. Chronic toxicity of fenitrothion to an algae (Nannochloris aculata), a rotifier (Brachionus calycifloris), and the cladoceran (Daphnia magna). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 35: 112-120
Kadpal RP and Rao NA, 1985. Alteration in the biosynthesis of proteins and nucleic acid in finger millet (Eleucinecoracana) seedling during water stress and the effect of proline on protein biosynthesis. Plant Sciences, 40: 73-79.
Kumar N, 1996. Effect of pesticide on Nucleic Acids of Anabaena sp. 310. Pollution Research, 15: 147-150
Kumar N, Bora A, Kumar R and Amb MK, 2012. Differential Effects of Agricultural Pesticides Endosulfan and Tebuconazole on Photosynthetic pigments, Metabolism and Assimilating Enzymes of Three Heterotrophic, Filamentous Cyanobacteria. Journal of Biological Environmental Science, 6(16): 67-75.
Laliberte G and Hellebust JA, 1989. Regulation of Proline content of Chlorella autopica in response to change in Salinity. Canadian Journal of Botany, 67: 1959-1965.
Lowry OH, Rosenbrough NJ, Farr AL and Randall RJ, 1951. Protein Measurement with Folin Phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC), 193: 265-275.
Ma J and Chen J, 2005. How to accurately assay the algal Toxicity of Pesticides with low water solubility. Environmental Pollution, 136: 267-273.
Ma J, Wang P, Chen J and Sun Y, 2007. Differential response of green algal species Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlorella pyrenoidosa to six pesticides. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 16: 847-851.
McKinney G, 1941. Absorption of light by chlorophyll solutions. Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC), 140: 315–322.
Mohapatra PK and Schiewer U, 2000. Dimethoate and quinalphos toxicity: pattern of photosynthetic pigment degradation and recovery in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Arch. Hydrobiol Suppl, 134: 79–94.
Mohapatra PK, Patra S, Samantaray PK and Mohanty RC, 2003. Effect of the pyrethroid insecticide cypermethrin on photosynthetic pigments of the Cyanobacterium Anabaena doliolum Bhar. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 12(2): 207-212.
Morris DL, 1948.Quantitative determination of carbohydrates with Dreywood’s anthrone reagent. Science, 107: 254-255.
Nikolopoulos D and Manetas, Y, 1991. Compatible solutes and in vitro slability of Salsola sada enzyme: Proline incapability. Photochemistry, 30: 411-413.
Palegl G, Steward GR and Bradbeer JW, 1984. Proline and Glycine betaine influence proline salvation. Plant Physiology, 75: 974-978.
Pipe AE, 1992. Pesticide Effects on Soil Algae and Cyanobacteria. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Pp. 127: 95-170
Rippka R, Deruelles J, Waterbury JB, Herdman M and Stanier RY, 1979. Generic assignments strain histories and properties of pure cultures of Cyanobacteria. Journal of Genetics and Microbiology, 111: 1-61.
Shen J, Jiang J and Zheng, P, 2009. Effects of Light and Monosulfuron on growth and photosynthetic pigments of Anabaena flos-aquae Breb. Journal of Water Resource and Protection, 1: 408-413.
Singh BK and Walker A, 2006. Microbial degradation of organophosphorus compounds.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16594965 EMS Microbiology Reviews, 30(3): 428-71.
Smirnoff N and Cumbes QJ, 1989. Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of compatible solute. Photo Chemistry, 28: 1057-1060.
Sundaram S and Soumya KK, 2011. Study of Physiological and Biochemical alteration in Cyanobacterial under Organic stress. American Journal of Plant Physiology, 6: 1-16
Venekemp JH, 1989. Regulation of cytosolic acidity in plants under condition of drought. Plant Physiology, 76: 112-117.
How to cite this article
Vijayakanth P., V. Ravi V. and O. Sivapriya O., 2019. A study on toxicity of organophosphorous pesticides on cynobacterium Westiellopsis prolifica Janet. Bioscience Discovery, 10(1):36-42.
Note: The editor, owner, printer and publisher does not accept any responsibility regarding unsolicited publication material, authenticity of data, statement, inaccurate data, opinions, results and view expressed by the authors in articles are of their own and not of Bioscience Discovery Journal.
Online available on
https://www.jbsd.in
https://www.biosciencediscovery.com
Publisher: RUT Printer and Publisher, Jalna (MS) India